In a series of studies it was found that specific combinations of vitamins and micronutrients can help lower the risk of progressing AMD. These include anti-oxidants such as vitamins C and E that protect the sensitive photocells in the yellow spot of the eye.
Carotenoids have a high anti-oxidant effect. The two carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin are found mainly in the retina and the macula and protect these structures. While vegetables such as spinach, cabbage or broccoli contain carotenoids, the quantities present are often insufficient to ensure an adequate supply.
Zinc is also one of the micronutrients that help protect cells from oxidative stress. Zinc is administered in combination with copper to prevent copper deficiency.